Introduction to the Plant Kingdom

Page
2

Alternation of Generations

2n Sporophyte

2n gametophyte

1n pollen

Ovary with 1n ovules (eggs)

2n seed with plant embryo

Sporophyte

Gametophyte

Slide 13

Plant Divisions

Slide 14

Taxonomy

Plants are divided into two groups

Based on the presence or absence of an internal transport system for water and dissolved materials

Called Vascular System

Vascular Bundles

Slide 15

Vascular System

Xylem tissue carries water and minerals upward from the roots

Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used

Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or phloem

Slide 16

Nonvascular Plants

Do not have vascular tissue for support or conduction of materials

Called Bryophytes

Require a constantly moist environment

Moss Gametophytes & Sporophytes

Sporophyte stage

Gametophyte Stage

Slide 17

Nonvascular Plants

Plants can’t grow as tall

Cells must be in direct contact with moisture

Materials move by diffusion cell-to-cell

Sperm must swim to egg through water droplets

Slide 18

Nonvascular Plants

Includes mosses (Bryophyta), liverworts (Hepatophyta), and hornworts (Antherophyta)

Liverworts

Hornworts

Slide 19

Main Parts of Vascular Plants

Shoots

-Found above ground

-Have leaves attached

- Photosynthetic part of plant

Roots

-Found below ground

-Absorb water & minerals

-Anchor the plant

Slide 20

Vascular Plants

Also called Tracheophytes

Subdivided into two groups -- Seedless vascular plants and Seed-bearing vascular plants

Club Moss

Slide 21

Seedless Vascular Plants

Includes club moss (Lycophyta), horsetails (Sphenophyta), whisk ferns (Psilophyta), and ferns (Pterophyta)

Horsetails

Whisk ferns

Slide 22

Seed-Producing Vascular Plants

Includes two groups – Gymnosperms and Angiosperms