Introduction to the Plant Kingdom

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Slide 1

Introduction to the Plant Kingdom

Slide 2

Early Ancestors

Aquatic to Terrestrial Life

Slide 3

Aquatic Ancestor

Closest living species to a possible land plant ancestor

Group of green algae

Called Charyophyceans

Chara

Slide 4

Algae & Land Plant Similarities

Both contain chlorophylls a and b

Have chloroplasts with stacks of thylakoids

Store starch in plastids

Cellulose in cell walls

Go through Alternation of Generations life Cycle

Slide 5

Terrestrial Habitat

Aquatic Habitat

Slide 6

Living in Aquatic Environments

Plants surrounded by water so don’t dry out

Sperm swims to egg

Water supports plant

Plants stay in upper surface near light

Absorb nutrients from the H2O

Slide 7

Plant Adaptations to Land

Problems:

Need minerals

Gravity

Increase in Height for Light

Adaptations for Drier environment

Reproduction

Solutions:

Roots absorb H2O & minerals

Lignin & cellulose in cell walls

Vascular Transport System

Waxy cuticle & stomata with guard cells

Pollen containing sperm

Slide 8

How Are Plants All Alike?

Slide 9

Plant Characteristics

Multicellular

Autotrophic (photosynthesis)

Chlorophylls a and b in thylakoid membranes

Surrounded by cell walls containing cellulose (polysaccharide)

Store reserve food as amylose (starch)

Slide 10

Plant Reproduction

Alternation of generations life cycle

Diploid (2n) sporophyte stage

Haploid (1n) gametophyte stage

Produce multicellular embryo protected inside multicellular haploid (gametophyte egg sac) tissue

Slide 11

Plant Reproduction

Diploid (2n) sporophyte stage produces haploid spores by meiosis

Haploid spores undergo mitosis to produce gametophyte stage

Gametophyte makes gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis

Zygote (2n) produces the new sporophyte

Slide 12