Infectious disease STD

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Infectious Diseases

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Infectious Diseases - A disease caused by an agent that can pass from one living thing to another

Communicable disease – an infectious disease that is passed from one person to another.

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What causes Inf.Dis.

Bacteria - a type of microorganism that can cause disease.

Strep throat, food poisoning, urinary tract infections.

Viruses – a type of agent that can cause disease.

Cold, flu, cold sores, measles, mono.

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How are they spread

Air

Contact with contaminated objects

Person to person

Animals that spread disease

Food and water

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Defenses against infection

Skin

Chemical warfare on germs (sweat and oils produce acids that kill bacterial)

Mucus membranes

Stomach acids

Helpful microorganisms

Inflammations

The immune system

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Weapons

T-cells – cells that regulate the action of the immune system

Antibodies – substances that stick to the surface of pathogens slowing their action.

B-cells – cells in the immune system that produce antibodies against infection

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Immunization – injection of a small amount of a pathogen that will provide protection against an infectious disease.

Antibiotics – drugs that kill or limit the growth of bacteria.

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HIV

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H – Human: virus can only infect humans

I – Immuno-deficiency: the effect of the virus is to create a deficiency, a failure to work properly with the body’s immune system.

V – Virus: one of its characteristics is that it is incapable reproducing by itself. It reproduces by taking over the machinery of the human cell

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How is HIV spread

Bodily Fluids

Blood

Semen

Vaginal secretions

Breast milk

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Sexual Contact

Sexual intercourse

Oral sex

Anal sex

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Blood to Blood Contact