Respiration

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ATP supplies energy for all the processes that need it.

For example:

movement

chemical reactions

growth.

slow twitch/fast twitch investigation

Slide 15

Structure of ATP

Slide 16

Formation of ATP

ATP is made when another molecule called adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is bonded to a third inorganic phosphate (Pi) using the energy released from glucose.

Slide 17

Enzymes

Energy from respiration

Energy Rich bond formed

Slide 18

Summarised as:

ADP + Pi ATP

The whole process is under the control of enzymes

Slide 19

The role of ATP

ATP stores the energy in the third bond of the molecule

The energy is released when that bond is broken to release the third inorganic phosphate (Pi) .

Slide 20

Energy released to do work

ATP

ADP

Enzymes

Slide 21

Summary

The whole process is an enzyme controlled reaction.

Slide 22

Aerobic Respiration

Aerobic respiration = respiration with oxygen.

Slide 23

glucose + OXYGEN energy + carbon dioxide + water (to make ATP)

Slide 24

Aerobic respiration happens in 2 stages:

Stage 1 – Glycolysis glyco lysis

glucose splitting

Slide 25

In glycolysis, a glucose molecule is broken down into pyruvic acid.

energy released to make small quantity of ATP

(2 molecules)

series of enzyme

controlled reactions

pyruvic acid

glucose

Glycolysis does not require oxygen

Slide 26

Stage 2 – Breakdown of pyruvic acid

The pyruvic acid made in glycolysis (stage1) still contains a lot of energy

It can only be broken down to release the rest of the energy in the presence of oxygen.

Slide 27

energy released to make large

quantity of ATP

(36 molecules)

series of enzyme controlled reactions