Mutations

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Mutations

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Definition

A mutation is a change in an organism’s DNA

Silent mutations are changes that do not result in a change to the organisms phenotype

Mutations that occur in germ cells (sperm, eggs) are passed on to offspring

Mutations in somatic (body) cells may be harmless, or may result in disease such as cancer

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Chromosomal Mutations

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A Point Mutation Resulting in Nonsense

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A Point Mutation: An Analogy

t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t

t h e r e d m o g b i t t h e t a n c a t

This point mutation changes the meaning,

resulting in nonsense

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A Point Mutation Resulting in Missense

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A Point Mutation: An Analogy

t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t

t h e r e d h o g b i t t h e t a n c a t

This point mutation changes the meaning,

resulting in missense

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An Insertion Mutation in a Gene

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An Insertion Mutation: An Analogy

t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t

t h e r e d r d o g b i t t h e t a n c a

This insertion mutation changes the reading

frame

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A Deletion Mutation in a Gene

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An Deletion Mutation: An Analogy

t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t

t h e r e d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t _

This deletion mutation changes the reading

frame

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A Frameshift Mutation