Emergence of the animal kingdom

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Slide 1

Emergence of the Animal Kingdom

Or “Rise of the Chordates”

Phylum Chordata

Leading to

Subphylum Vertebrata 

Slide 2

Chordates include the following:

Fish

Reptiles

Amphibians

Birds

Mammals

Slide 3

Chordates

4 characteristics

notochord - support

post-anal tail

pharyngeal gill slits

dorsal hollow nerve cord

Slide 4

Chordate Characteristics

Slide 5

Gills in Humans! – check it out

Slide 6

Tunicates are Chordates!

Sea Squirts

sponge like - filter feeder

larva free swimming, bilateral with all Chordate traits

Slide 7

Lancets (a primitive fish like organism) closely resembles the idealized chordate.

The notochord, dorsal nerve cord, numerous gill slits, and post-anal tail all persist in the adult

Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Slide 8

“Ontogency Recapituates Evolution” Evolution Playing out in Fetus… (all these Chordates (birds, mammals, reptiles, fish, have strikingly similar Embryonic Development)

Slide 9

Slide 10

Chp 33 – Rise of the Mammals

Definition of a Mammal:

Homoeothermic – meaning that mammals produce their own body heat

Mammary tissue - for the production of Milk

Hair Follicles - for the production of Hair

Generally, internal fertilization and harboring of young, however, this is only a generality because not all young are “cooked” to term internally.

Slide 11

Monotremes – an Order of Class Mammalia

Monotremes

eg. The Platypus, which has a BILL, lays EGGS, but still has mammary glands and produces MILK for young. This suggests a relationship between REPTILES, BIRDS and mammals. Imagine that?

Slide 12

Marsupials

– eg. The Kangaroo, which is a non-placental mammal. Here, the development of the young is very complex, and a baby kangaroo is born very “uncooked”, and must crawl into the mother’s pouch and latch onto a nipple to receive milk to continue development. You might say, baby Kangaroos or “Joey’s” get a womb with a view 