Food and Labor

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Slide 1

Food and Labor

Bos indicus type cows in Brazil.

Where do these types of cows usually live? Why do they look so different?

Slide 2

Food and Labor

First bovine was domesticated 10,500 years ago in SE Turkey.

All domestic cattle today are descendants of only 80 tamed wild oxen called Aurochs.

Bollongio et al.Modern Taurine Cattle descended from small number of Near-Eastern founders. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2012

Slide 3

Auroch

Extinct-the last female died in Poland in 1627

Restorative drawing from a skeleton found in Germany

Painting in Lascaux cave in France-17,300 years ago

Slide 4

Food and Labor

Equines: Equus ferus caballus

Slide 5

Food and Labor

Horses started to be domesticated 4000-3000 BCE. (6000-5000 years ago)

Scientists don’t really know the exact ancestor. Only 1 truly wild horse exists.

They were probably first used for meat and then for work and transportation.

Slide 6

Food and Labor

The Eurasia steppe is the only place that horses survived after the last Ice Age.

Slide 7

Food and Labor

5000 year old cart drawing found in today’s Iraq.

Slide 8

Food and Labor

Equines: Equus ferus przewalskii

The only true wild horse left.

Przewalskii’s horse is endangered and may be a completely different species anyway.

Slide 9

Food and Labor

Mustangs are not wild horses. They are…

Feral: originated from domestic animals

Slide 10

De-extinction

Some people are trying to “breed back” an extinct species. It’s like the reverse of domestication. Selecting for wild traits from original ancestor.

The Tarpan was a wild horse that went extinct in 1910. These are Heck horses…very similar

Their coat turns more white in winter.

The Nazis starting the rebreeding program.

Slide 11

De-extinction

The last Ibex, a type of goat, went extinct in 2000 as scientists tried to collect the DNA from the last one named, Celia.