Crossing Membranes Passive Processes

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Usually each channel protein is specific to one type of ion

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Channel proteins can open or close their pores acting like gates depending upon the cell’s needs

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Carrier proteins are more sophisticated in the way they work

They allow the diffusion across the membrane of larger polar molecules, such as sugars and amino acids

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Once a particular molecule attaches to the carrier protein at it binding site, the carrier protein changes its shape to ‘deliver’ the molecule through the membrane