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In this lesson we should learn:
about the bodies in space that make up the Universe
why planets and moons stay in orbits
about the planets in our Solar System, producing a model of the Solar System
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Foundation Paper
You should now be able to
Know that: Earth is one of a number of planets that orbit the Sun: the Moon orbits Earth; Earth orbits the Sun and the relative positions of Earth, Sun and planets
Know that the Universe consists of: stars and planets, comets and meteors, black holes, large groups of stars called galaxies
Describe why stars can be seen even though they are far away
Describe that gravitational force determines the motion of planets and satellites
Higher paper
Know the relative positions of planets, stars, comets, meteors, galaxies and black holes
Know that circular motion requires a centripetal force and that gravity provides the centripetal force for orbital motion
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Universe
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• Elliptical – oval shaped, no arms, little gas or dust clouds
• Spiral – bulging nucleus (the center) with a least two arms that contain great clouds of gas & dust coming out on opposite sides (3/4 of all)
• Irregular – stars spread unevenly, no distinct shape, least common
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Elliptical
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Spiral
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Barred Spiral
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Irregular
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The gravity on neutron stars, white dwarfs and black dwarfs is so strong that it crushes atoms, so the matter in stars is millions of times denser than anything on earth.