Development

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HDI is measured between 0 and 1. The USA has an HDI of 0.994 whereas Kenya has an HDI of 0.474.

Slide 20

Human Development Index(HDI)

HDI – A socio-economic measure, it focus on three variables of human welfare-

(i) life expectancy (health),

(ii) adult literacy( education) and

(iii) real GDP per capital(standard of living)

Slide 21

Global inequalities

The map shows the locations of LEDCs and MEDCs. Most of the southern hemisphere is less developed, while countries in the northern hemisphere are more developed.

Using this simple classification you couldn’t tell which countries were developing quickly and which weren't really developing at all.

Slide 22

Quality of life isn't the same as standard of living

As a country develops the quality of life and standard of living of people that live there improves.

Someone's standard of living is their material wealth.

Quality of life includes standard of living and other things that aren't easy to measure e.g. how safe they are or how nice their environment is.

In general the higher a persons standard of living the higher their quality of life . But just because they have a high standard of living doesn’t mean they have a good quality of life.

Different people in different parts of the world have different ideas about what an acceptable quality of life.

Slide 23

Causes of global inequalities

Environmental factors affect how developed a country is:

A poor climate:

if a country has a poor climate (really hot or cold) they wont be able to grow much.

This reduces the amount of food produced.

This can lead to malnutrition in some countries leading to people having a low quality of life.

People also have fewer crops to sell so less money to spend on goods and services.

The government gets less money from taxes as less is sold and bought, meaning there is less to spend on developing the country.

Poor farming land

If the land in a country is steep or has poor soil then they wont produce a lot of food . This has the same affects as having a poor climate

Limited water supplies

Some countries don’t have a lot of water. This makes it hard for them to produce a lot of food.

Slide 24

Causes of global inequalities

Lots of natural hazards

A natural hazard is an event that has the potential to affect peoples lives or property e.g earthquakes , tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, tropical storms, droughts, floods.

Countries that have a lot of natural disasters have to spend a lot of money rebuilding after disasters occur