Transition elements

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Slide 1

The Transition Metals, the Lanthanides and the Antinides

Slide 2

The Metals in the Middle

Groups 3-12 are called the transition elements.

All of them are metals.

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Across any period from Group 3 through 12, the properties of the elements change less noticeably than they do across a period of representative elements.

Most transition elements are found combined with other elements in ores.

Slide 3

The Iron Triad

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These elements, among others, have magnetic properties.

Slide 4

The Iron Triad

Industrial magnets are made from an alloy of nickel, cobalt, and aluminum.

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Nickel is used in batteries along with cadmium.

Iron is a necessary part of hemoglobin, the substance that transports oxygen in the blood.

Iron also is mixed with other metals and with carbon to create a variety of steels with different properties.

Slide 5

Uses of Transition Elements

Most transition metals have higher melting points than the representative elements.

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Slide 6

Uses of Transition Elements

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Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal (3,410°C) and will not melt when a current passes through it.

Slide 7

Uses of Transition Elements

Mercury, which has the lowest melting point of any metal (–39°C), is used in thermometers and in barometers.

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Mercury is the only metal that is a liquid at room temperatures.

Like many of the heavy metals, mercury is poisonous to living beings.

Slide 8

Uses of Transition Elements

Chromium’s name comes from the Greek word for color, chrome.

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Many other transition elements combine to form substances with brilliant colors.

Slide 9

Uses of Transition Elements

Ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum are sometimes called the platinum group because they have similar properties.

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They do not combine as easily with other elements.

As a result, they can be used as catalysts.