The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

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14

Fig. 5-28

Sugar-phosphate

backbones

3' end

3' end

3' end

3' end

5' end

5' end

5' end

5' end

Base pair (joined by

hydrogen bonding)

Old strands

New

strands

Nucleotide

about to be

added to a

new strand

Slide 116

DNA and Proteins as Tape Measures of Evolution

The linear sequences of nucleotides in DNA molecules are passed from parents to offspring

Two closely related species are more similar in DNA than are more distantly related species

Molecular biology can be used to assess evolutionary kinship

Slide 117

The Theme of Emergent Properties in the Chemistry of Life: A Review

Higher levels of organization result in the emergence of new properties

Organization is the key to the chemistry of life

Slide 118

Fig. 5-UN2

Slide 119

Fig. 5-UN2a

Slide 120

Fig. 5-UN2b

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Fig. 5-UN3

% of glycosidic

linkages broken

100

50

0

Time

Slide 122

Fig. 5-UN4

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Fig. 5-UN5

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Fig. 5-UN6

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Fig. 5-UN7

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Fig. 5-UN8

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Fig. 5-UN9

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Fig. 5-UN10

Slide 129

You should now be able to:

List and describe the four major classes of molecules

Describe the formation of a glycosidic linkage and distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides

Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fats and between cis and trans fat molecules

Describe the four levels of protein structure

Slide 130

You should now be able to:

Distinguish between the following pairs: pyrimidine and purine, nucleotide and nucleoside, ribose and deoxyribose, the 5 end and 3 end of a nucleotide