What Is Archaeology Studying Past Cultures

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Migration

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Cultural Evolution

Prestate Societies

Bands

Tribes

Chiefdoms

State-Organized Societies

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The Goals of Archaeology

Four Goals of Archaeology

Studying Culture History

Reconstructing Past Lifeways

Explaining Culture Change

Making Archaeology Relevant to the Present

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Studying Culture History

North America

Paleoindian (15-10 kya)

Archaic (10-3 kya)

Woodland (3-1 kya)

Mississippian (1kya-500ya)

Old World (Europe/Africa)

Paleolithic (2 mya-10 kya)

Mesolithic (10 kya-6 kya)

Neolithic (6 kya-4 kya)

Bronze Age (4 kya-2.5 kya)

Iron Age (2.5 kya--)

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Reconstructing Past Lifeways

Flintknapping-Making Stone Tools

http://www.dec.ny.gov/images/administration_images/0807flintknap.jpg

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Explaining Culture Change

The Bixby Homesite: 1800-1845 The actual household objects of the Bixby house, the house itself with its outbuildings, and the surrounding New England landscape illustrate clearly the changes in society

and in work in the first half of the 19th century.

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Archaeology & Relevance to the Present

Paleopathology: A 20,000-Skeleton Perspective The diagnosis of various pathologies is a major tool for both archaeology and medicine. This set

illustrates disease phenomena which are reproducible across geographic and even species lines. The antiquity of one disease -- rheumatoid arthritis -- varies geographically, possible evidence for its origin as vector-transmitted and for speculation about human behavior.

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Slide 23

Theory in Archaeology

Cultural-Historical

Chronology

Artifact Typology

Processual

Behavior

Experimental Archaeology

Post-processual

Ideological

Religion

Symbolism

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Slide 24

Culture History-Pottery

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Slide 25

Processual-Ethnoarchaeology