Islam - History, Value, Cultures

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Slide 1

Islam:

History, values and culture

Shahbaz Younis

Slide 2

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Introductory Remarks

Historical overview

Islam as a monotheistic religion

the Quran

God or Allah

pillars and values

social code and reforms

relation with other faiths

the Sunni and Shiha sects

Science and civilization

Islam today, and Arab Americans

Suggested reading, distribution of

educational material

Qs & As

Slide 3

Islam

• Founder: Muhammad Ibn (son of) Adballah

• Born: 571 AD in Mecca, Arabia

• Descendant of Abraham

• Nicknames: Almustapha (the chosen), Alamin (the faithful)

• Titles: The prophet, the messenger (Alrasul)

• Tribe: Quraiysh

• Holy Book: The Quran, derived from ‘read’

Slide 4

Quraiysh

Qussaiy

Abdmanaf

Abdshams Hashem

(Amneh+) Abdallah Abutalib Hamzeh Alabbas Abulahab Alhareth

(661-750)

(750-1258)

Muhammad

Ali

Adbelmuttalib

Ummayah Dynasty Abbbassides Dynasty

Abraham

Ismail

Adnan

Slide 5

Historical Overview

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•Mecca

•

Medinah

The Levant

Mesopotamia

The fertile Crescent

H

I

j

a

z

EGYPT

ARABIA

Dynasties

of the

South

Slide 7

Middle East, 7th Century

The Arabian Peninsula

The source of Arabs and the Semitic race

Mostly desert, few urbanized areas

Urban centers, Mecca

Mainly tribal society

First mention of ‘Arabs’, 854 B.C.

Arabs of the North and Arabs of the South

Dynasties in the south

Religions

Christianity (inclusive), Judaism (exclusive), polytheism

The Sassanid or Persian Empire

Ailing

The Byzantine or Eastern Roman Empire

Christianity is the state religion, 3rd century

A foreign occupying power

Sectarian conflicts with the locals

Slide 8

•Byzantine

•Empire

•*

•Persian

•Empire

•An Arabian

•dynasty

•An Arabian

•dynasty

•*

••

Slide 9

571 Muhammad born in Mecca.

610 First revelation in the Harraa cave (27 Ramadan).

622 “Hijra”or Escape. Muhammad and followers escape prosecution