Acids, Bases & Salts

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Slide 34

Topic 10: ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

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Basic Salts:

Basic salts contain the hydroxide ion, OH-. They are formed when there is insufficient supply of acid for the complete neutralization of the base. A basic salt will turn red litmus blue and will react with excess acid to form normal salt.

Zn(OH)2(s) + HCl(aq)  Zn(OH)Cl(aq) + H2O(l)

Zn(OH)Cl(aq) + HCl(aq)  ZnCl2(aq) + H2O(l)

Mg(OH)2(s) + HNO3(aq)  Mg(OH)NO3(aq) + H2O(l)

Mg(OH)NO3(aq) + HNO3(aq)  Mg(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l)

جمعرات، 28 ربیع الثانی، 1438

Slide 35

HYDRATED & ANHYDROUS SALTS

Topic 10: ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

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Hydrated Salt: Salt that contains Water of Crystallization is called Hydrated Salt e.g. CuSO4.5H2O, Na2CO3.10H2O.

Anhydrous Salt: Salt with out Water of Crystallization is called Anhydrous Salt. e.g. CuSO4, Na2CO3

جمعرات، 28 ربیع الثانی، 1438

Slide 36

Topic 10: ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

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جمعرات، 28 ربیع الثانی، 1438

Slide 37

Topic 10: ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

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USES OF SALTS

جمعرات، 28 ربیع الثانی، 1438

Slide 38

Self Ionization of Water

Topic 10: ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

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Pure water is often used as an example of non- conducting liquid. In fact water will conduct electricity if there is sufficient electrical energy present. The fact that pure water conduct electricity suggest that it contains ions. The ions present are due to water undergoing self ionization.

2H2O(l) ========== H3O+(aq) + OH- (aq)

The concentration of H3O+ ions in pure water at 25oC is 10-7 moles/dm3. The concentration of OH- ion should also be 10-7 moles/dm3.

جمعرات، 28 ربیع الثانی، 1438

Slide 39

Topic 10: ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

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The pH Scale

جمعرات، 28 ربیع الثانی، 1438