Cellular respiration

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1. 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation)

2. 6 - NADH

3. 2 - FADH2

4. 4 - CO2

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4. Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and Oxidative Phosphorylation (Chemiosmosis)

Location: inner mitochondrial membrane.

Uses ETC (cytochrome proteins) and ATP Synthase (enzyme) to make ATP.

ETC pumps H+ (protons) across innermembrane (lowers pH in innermembrane space).

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4. Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and Oxidative Phosphorylation (Chemiosmosis)

The H+ then move via diffusion (Proton Motive Force) through ATP Synthase to make ATP.

All NADH and FADH2 converted to ATP during this stage of cellular respiration.

Each NADH converts to 3 ATP.

Each FADH2 converts to 2 ATP (enters the ETC at a lower level than NADH).

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4. Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and Oxidative Phosphorylation (Chemiosmosis)

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4. ETC and Oxidative Phosphorylation (Chemiosmosis for NADH)

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4. ETC and Oxidative Phosphorylation (Chemiosmosis for FADH2)

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TOTAL ATP YIELD

1. 04 ATP - substrate-level phosphorylation

2. 34 ATP - ETC & oxidative phosphorylation

38 ATP - TOTAL YIELD

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Eukaryotes (Have Membranes)

Total ATP Yield

02 ATP - glycolysis (substrate-level phosphorylation)

04 ATP - converted from 2 NADH - glycolysis

06 ATP - converted from 2 NADH - grooming phase

02 ATP - Krebs cycle (substrate-level phosphorylation)

18 ATP - converted from 6 NADH - Krebs cycle

04 ATP - converted from 2 FADH2 - Krebs cycle

36 ATP - TOTAL

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Maximum ATP Yield for Cellular Respiration (Eukaryotes)

36 ATP (maximum per glucose)

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Prokaryotes (Lack Membranes)

Total ATP Yield

02 ATP - glycolysis (substrate-level phosphorylation)

06 ATP - converted from 2 NADH - glycolysis

06 ATP - converted from 2 NADH - grooming phase

02 ATP - Krebs cycle (substrate-level phosphorylation)

18 ATP - converted from 6 NADH - Krebs cycle

04 ATP - converted from 2 FADH2 - Krebs cycle

38 ATP - TOTAL

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