Cellular respiration

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Cellular Respiration

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Cellular Respiration

A catabolic, exergonic, oxygen (O2) requiring process that uses energy extracted from macromolecules (glucose) to produce energy (ATP) and water (H2O).

C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

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Question:

In what kinds organisms does cellular respiration take place?

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Plants and Animals

Plants - Autotrophs: self-producers.

Animals - Heterotrophs: consumers.

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Mitochondria

Organelle where cellular respiration takes place.

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Redox Reaction

Transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another.

Two types:

1. Oxidation

2. Reduction

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Oxidation Reaction

The loss of electrons from a substance.

Or the gain of oxygen.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

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Reduction Reaction

The gain of electrons to a substance.

Or the loss of oxygen.

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Breakdown of Cellular Respiration

Four main parts (reactions).

1. Glycolysis (splitting of sugar)

a. cytosol, just outside of mitochondria.

2. Grooming Phase

a. migration from cytosol to matrix.

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Breakdown of Cellular Respiration

3. Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

a. mitochondrial matrix

4. Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and

Oxidative Phosphorylation

a. Also called Chemiosmosis

b. inner mitochondrial membrane.

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1. Glycolysis

Occurs in the cytosol just outside of mitochondria.

Two phases (10 steps):

A. Energy investment phase

a. Preparatory phase (first 5 steps).

B. Energy yielding phase

a. Energy payoff phase (second 5 steps).

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1. Glycolysis

A. Energy Investment Phase:

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