Vitamins

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It is also called as Ascorbic Acid

Sources: Vitamin C is present in fresh fruits, green leafy vegetables, tomatoes and germinating pulses.

Citrus fruit and Indian gooseberry are the richest source of this vitamin.

Guava is another cheap and rich source of Vitamin C.

Functions

Vitamin C plays an important role in tissue oxidation reactions.

It is required for the formation of collagen which is required for the formation of blood vessels, connective tissue, cartilage and dentine of teeth.

Vitamin C also helps in the absorption and storage of iron.

This Vitamin is also required for normal growth, tissue repair, healing of wounds and fracture of bone.

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Deficiency disease - SCURVY:

Scurvy is the nutritional disorder caused due to the deficiency of Vitamin ‘C’.

The symptoms of this disease are swelling of gums, bleeding from gums and from the joints and under the skin.

This disease is preventable by providing the diet that is rich with Vitamin-‘C’.

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vitamin - A

Vitamin – D

Vitamin – E

Vitamin - K

Fat soluble vitamins are -

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Vitamin - A

The chemical name of Vitamin A is Retinol.

It is also called as Antixeropthalmic Vitamin

Sources - It is readily available in foods of Liver, eggs, butter, whole milk, fish, meat, oils extracted from fishes such as cod liver oil and shark liver oil.

In plants vitamin ‘A’ is present in the form of a carotene. In green leafy vegetable (Spinach amaranth etc.,) other vegetable like carrots, tomato, pumpkin, fruits like papaya and mango and its converted into vitamin ‘A’ in our body.

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Deficiency of vitamin A: Deficiency leads to a variety of disorders of the eyes and this affect the vision, some of the disorders are –

1)Night blindness: The person cannot see the objects in dim light and in nights.

2)Xeropthalmia (or) Dry eyes: The lacrimal

glands in the eyes do to produce tears.

The conjunctiva (or) the outer most layer of the eye becomes dry

3)The cornea becomes soft and burst open. This leads to the loss of vision and permanent blindness - the major cause of blindness in children.

4)Skin become scaly, rough and is covered with papillae (Small eruptions). The skin looks like that of a toad.

5)Reproductive functions may also be effected in vitamin ‘A’ deficiency.

National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad has evolved a method giving a large dose (5 – 6 drops) of Vitamin-A once in six months to prevent blindness in children

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Vitamin ‘D’