Cell structures Lesson 1

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Chapter 2 “Cells” Section 1: “Cell Structure Pages 38 – 40

LESSON 1

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Common Cell Traits

A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

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Comparing Cells

The size & shape of a cell relates to its function. (job it does)

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Prokaryotic Cells (proh KAYR ee yah tihk)

cells without membrane-bound structures

EX: bacteria

pond scum

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Eukaryotic Cells (yew KAYR ee yah tihk)

cells with membrane-bound structures

EX: animals, plants, fungi and protists

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protects the cell

gives shape

is made of cellulose

A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most bacteria.

Cell Wall

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Cell Membrane

Outer covering, protective layer around ALL cells

For cells with cell walls,the cell membrane is inside the cell wall

Allows food, oxygen, & water into the cell & waste products out of the cell.

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Cytoplasm

gelatin-like inside cell membrane

constantly flows

aka protoplasm

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Cytoskeleton

scaffolding-like structure in cytoplasm

helps the cell maintain or change its shape

made of protein

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Nucleus

Directs all cell activities

Contains instructions for everything the cell does

These instructions are found on a hereditary material called DNA

Usually the largest organelle

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Nuclear Membrane

separates nucleus from cytoplasm

controls movement of materials in & out of nucleus

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NUCLEOLUS

Aka “little nucleus”

Found in the nucleus

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Chromatin

contains genetic code that controls cell

made of DNA & proteins