Kingdom Protista part I

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Kingdom Protista “ The Catch-All Kingdom” Protozoans

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Characteristics

Single celled

Microscopic

Move independently – named for mechanism of movement

65,000 species

Most heterotrophic

Free-living or parasitic

All capable of asexual reproduction through binary or multiple fission

Some reproduce sexually through conjugation

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Sexual reproduction

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Asexual reproduction

Binary

fission

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Schizogony

Asexual reproduction in multiple fission, as in Malaria

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Classification

Currently based on HOW they MOVE

Reviewing this by looking at phylogeny

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4 Phyla of Protozoans

Sarcodina

Ciliophora

Zoomastigina

Sporozoa

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Adaptations

Physiological mechanisms, like eyespots

Form cysts

Multiple nuclei

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Evolution of Protista

Prokaryotes – 3.5 billion years ago

Eukaryotes – 1.5 billion years ago

Protozoan thought to be descendents of first eukaryotes

Endosymbiotic Theory

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Endosymbiotic Theory

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Phylums…

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Sarcodina

40,000 species

Amoebas

Pseudopodia – most move

Cytoplasmic streaming

Eat other protists

Ecological roles:

forams – tests made from caco3 – sink to bottom and make limestone and chalk deposits

Radiolaria – t4ests made form sio2

Cause diseases like amebic dysentary

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Phylum Ciliophora

8,000 species

Move using cilia

Pellicle, oral groove, gullet, macronucleus, micronucleus

Paramecium

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