Radiation Safety and Operations

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Slide 32

More Old Terms

REM- Roentgen Equivalent Mammal is equal to the absorbed does in RADS multiplied by a quality factor

Quality Factors

Beta = 1

Gamma & X ray photons = 1

Alpha = 10

Neutrons = 20

Slide 33

New Terms sort of

International Units have replaced the RAD and REM

GRAY (Gy) = 100 RAD

SIEVERT (Sv) = 100 REM

Same Quality Factors apply to the Sv

Slide 34

Units of Radioactivity

Curie (Ci) = 2.22 E12 dpm or 3.7E10 dps

Becquerel (Bq) = 1 dps

Maximum Dose/year = 5 REM or 50 mSv

Maximum Dose/year for Declared Pregnant Woman & Minors= 0.5 REM or 5 mSv

Slide 35

Annual Dose Limits

External/Internal Exposure Limits for Occupationally Exposed Individuals

*Effective dose equivalent

Slide 36

Typical Doses

Slide 37

Radiation is a type of energy; Contamination is material

Exposure to Radiation will not contaminate you or make you radioactive

Contamination is Radioactive Material spilled someplace you don’t want it.

Radioactive contamination emits radiation

Contact with Contamination can contaminate you with the material

Slide 38

RAD use at UM

Prior to first use of radionuclides, the Authorized User must provide written and interactive training.

Read the Radiation Safety Manual

Specific, clear and detailed instruction on safe handling

Documentation

Slide 39

Ordering Radionuclides

Rad orders may be emailed or faxed to EHOS and must include an index code

EHOS will place order and enter charges in Banner for you—This allows us to check inventory totals prior to ordering

Slide 40

What if I Don’t Pay for my Nukes

Free shipments must be approved

Inter-Laboratory Transfers must

Be approved

Slide 41

Incoming Shipments

LOOK FOR DAMAGE OR LEAKAGE

Use the appropriate survey meter to confirm the TYPE and AMOUNT of detectable radiation is proper

Wipe test outer package and run wipes in LSC

Check each inner increment of packaging