Newton’s laws of motion

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Slide 27

Newton’s Second Law of Motion A situation to ponder…

When an air-filled glass tube containing a coin and a feather is inverted, the coin falls quickly to the bottom of the tube while the feather flutters to the bottom.

Slide 28

When the air is removed by a vacuum pump and the activity is repeated,

A. the feather hits the bottom first, before the coin hits.

the coin hits the bottom first, before the feather hits.

both the coin and feather drop together side by side.

Not enough information.

A situation to ponder…

CHECK YOUR NEIGHBOR

Slide 29

When the air is removed by a vacuum pump and the activity is repeated,

A situation to ponder…

CHECK YOUR ANSWER

A. the feather hits the bottom first, before the coin hits.

the coin hits the bottom first, before the feather hits.

both the coin and feather drop together side by side.

Not enough information.

Slide 30

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

When acceleration is less than g — non-free fall.

Non-free fall occurs when two forces act on a falling object

a force due to gravity acting downward

air resistance acting upward

Slide 31

When a 20-N falling object encounters 5 N of air resistance, its acceleration of fall is

A. less than g.

more than g.

C. g.

terminated.

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

CHECK YOUR NEIGHBOR

Slide 32

When a 20-N falling object encounters 5 N of air resistance, its acceleration of fall is

A. less than g.

more than g.

g.

terminated.

Explanation:

Acceleration of non-free fall is always less than g. Acceleration will actually be (20 N – 5 N)/2 kg = 7.5 N/kg = 7.5 m/s2.

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

CHECK YOUR ANSWER

Slide 33

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

When acceleration is less than g—non-free fall

as falling object gains speed, force exerted by surrounding air increases

force of air resistance may continue to increase until it equals the weight

at this point, net force is zero and no further acceleration

object has reached terminal velocity—continues falling at constant velocity with no acceleration

Slide 34

If a 50-N person is to fall at terminal speed, the air resistance needed is