Regulation of Gene Expression

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• Small RNAs can promote the formation of

heterochromatin in certain regions, blocking

transcription.

Chromatin modification

Translation

Slide 120

Fig. 18-UN6

Enhancer

Promoter

Gene 3

Gene 4

Gene 5

Gene 2

Gene 1

Slide 121

Fig. 18-UN7

Slide 122

Fig. 18-UN8

Slide 123

You should now be able to:

Explain the concept of an operon and the function of the operator, repressor, and corepressor

Explain the adaptive advantage of grouping bacterial genes into an operon

Explain how repressible and inducible operons differ and how those differences reflect differences in the pathways they control

Slide 124

Explain how DNA methylation and histone acetylation affect chromatin structure and the regulation of transcription

Define control elements and explain how they influence transcription

Explain the role of promoters, enhancers, activators, and repressors in transcription control

Slide 125

Explain how eukaryotic genes can be coordinately expressed

Describe the roles played by small RNAs on gene expression

Explain why determination precedes differentiation

Describe two sources of information that instruct a cell to express genes at the appropriate time

Slide 126

Explain how maternal effect genes affect polarity and development in Drosophila embryos

Explain how mutations in tumor-suppressor genes can contribute to cancer

Describe the effects of mutations to the p53 and ras genes