Industrial Revolution - Seminar One

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Slide 33

Business and Labor

The Commonwealth v. Hunt decision (1842) broke the British tradition of unions as conspiracies in restraint of trade.

U.S. craft unions and brotherhoods of railroad workers were successful in the late 19th century.

Efforts to organize other workers were generally unsuccessful.

Labor violence in the late 1800s fueled public fear of unions.

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Slide 34

Business and Labor

American Federation of Labor organized in 1886 under Samuel Gompers.

Without unions, and despite growing numbers of immigrants, U.S. workers found their wages and real (purchasing power) wages rising during the period.

Samuel Gompers, courtesy of Library of Congress

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Slide 35

Inventive and Innovative Impulses

Railroads: made travel possible and pleasurable; fostered a retailing revolution.

Telegraph and telephone: aided growth of commerce and transportation through communication.

Other industries developed and grew:

Electrical

Mass marketers

Sewing machines

Harvesters

Steel

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Slide 36

Business and Government: The Seeds of Reform

The “elastic clause,” the commerce clause, of the U.S. Constitution expanded during this period with regulation of railroads.

The Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Antitrust Act were attempts to regulate business but these laws were generally ineffectual.

Woodrow Wilson (then a college professor) advocated better management of government.

Woodrow Wilson, courtesy of The Constitution Society

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Slide 37

Summary of Part One

Examined management thought prior to the scientific management era in the U.S.

Early civilizations placed a low value on economic activity.

The technical and cultural changes of the Industrial Revolution presented managerial problems in : organizing, motivating people, and fusing people and processes.

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Slide 38

Figure 6-1 Synopsis of early management thought.

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Slide 39

Additional Internet Resources

Academy of Management – Management History Division Website http://www.aomhistory.baker.edu/departments/leadership/mgthistory/links.html

List of Internet Resources compiled by Charles Booth http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/files/MANAGEMENT-HISTORY/links.htm