Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton

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Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton

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How did we Discover the Earth is Round?

Traditional: as a ship sails away, the hull diasppears below the horizon before the sails

Problem: ancient ships were so tiny they would be mere specks on the horizon.

More likely: someone on a ship saw the land come into view

e Earth is Round?

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How did we Disco

Other possibilities: storm clouds with bases below the horizon

Why is there a horizon at all? Why can’t we just see forever?

Contrary to myth, the knowledge of a round earth was never, NEVER forgotten during the Middle Ages

ver the Earth is Round?

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Constellations and Culture

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A Myth in the Autumn Sky

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A Portion of the Northern Sky

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The Northern Cross

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The Traditional Constellation

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The Southern Cross

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A Star Map

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Chinese Constellations

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The Inca “Dark Constellations”

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·Copernicus: Precursory eventsThomas Aquinas reconciles Aristotelian Philosophy with Christianity.

·King Alfonso the Wise of Castile publishes Alfonsine tables, based on Ptolemaic System, late 1200's.

·Concept of "Law of Nature" arises from medieval theology and philosophy.

·Ideal motion thought to be perfectly circular in heavens, rectilinear on earth.

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·Immediate SettingPrinting invented 1457.

·Michelangelo, 1475-1564.

·Luther, 1483-1546.

·Protestant Reformation begins ca. 1520.