NMR for diagnosis and drug design

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NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

-an ideal tool for Diagnosis & Drug Design

B. HASEENA BANU

Asst.Professor,SriPadmavathi School of Pharmacy,Tiruchanoor,Tirupati

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Contents

INTRODUCTION

BASIC PRINCIPLE

DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES

APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE

CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS

DRUG DEVELOPMENT

NMR Nobel prize laureates

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Introduction

BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR

Atomic nuclei – tiny magnets

In external magnetic field - allign or oppose

If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency – Resonance

√ α βo

PARAMETERS

Chemical shifts

Spin lattice relaxation time

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Different Techniques

Based on nuclei

H1 NMR

C13 NMR

F13 NMR & P31 NMR

N15 NMR & O17 NMR

CWNMR

FTNMR

2D_NMR &3D_NMR

COSY _CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY

MRI_MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

ESR_ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

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Applications Of Nmr In Medicine

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PROTON IMAGING IN DIAGNOSIS

BRAIN

Distinguishing gray matter & white matter

Imaging posterior fossae, brain stem, spinal cord

Detect demyelinating lesions, tumors, hemorrhages, infarctions

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Abdomen

Metabolic liver disease

Measures liver iron over load in hemochromatosis

Focal areas of inflammation in chronic active hepatisis

KIDNEYS

Distinguishing renal cortex & medulla

To evaluate transplanted kidney

PELVIS

Differentiates between Benign prostatic hyperplasia & prostatic carcinoma

Detects bladder tumours

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Mediastinum, Hilum, Lung

Assessing abnormalities

Respiratory gating

HEART

Tomographic images of heart muscle, chambers, valvular structures

ECHO-PLANAR TECHNIQUE

Discrimination between infarcted, ischemic & normal myocardium

BREAST

3D-NMR & single-slice planar imaging in detecting breast abnormalities

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MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM

Demonstrates Osteo myelitis, tumor metastasis in vertebral bodies & pelvic bones

Images of muscles, tendons, ligaments

BLOOD VESSELS & FLOW

Atherosclerotic vascular disease