Lung disease

Page
2

Decreased level of alertness such as severe drowsiness or confusion, during an astha attack

Extreme difficulty breathing

Rapid pulse

Severe anxiety due to shortness of breath

Sweating

Slide 5

CF

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease of the mucus and sweat glands. It affects mostly your lungs, pancreas, liver, intestines, sinuses and sex organs. CF causes your mucus to be thick and sticky. The mucus clogs the lungs, causing breathing problems and making it easy for bacteria to grow. This can lead to problems such as repeated lung infections and lung damage.

Slide 6

The symptoms and severity of CF vary widely. Some people have serious problems from birth. Others have a milder version of the disease that doesn't show up until they are teens or young adults.

Although there is no cure for CF, treatments have improved greatly in recent years. Until the 1980s, most deaths from CF occurred in children and teenagers. Today, with improved treatments, people with CF live, on average, to be more than 35 years old.

Slide 7

Rate of diffusion – 3 properties of gas exchange surface

Surface area – rate of diffusion is directly proportional.

Concentration gradient- rate of diffusion is directly proportional to the difference in concentration across the GE surface.

Thickness of the GE surface- rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the thickness of the GE surface. Thicker surface, slower the diffusion.

Slide 8

Fick’s Law

Rate of diffusion ά surface area x difference in concentration

_

thickness of the gas exchange surface

Features to allow for rapid diffusion across the GE surface:

Surface area of the alveoli

Steep concentration gradient

Thin walls

Slide 9

How sticky mucus affects gas exchange

Objective – CF caused by the expression of a gene mutation that impairs the functioning of the gas exchange, reproductive and digestive system.

(CFTR the gene associated with CF – cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator)

Genes are proteins

Slide 10

Why is CF mucus so sticky?

Mucus layer on the epithelial cells contain less water

Due to abnormal salt and water transport across the cell surface membrane caused by a faulty transport protein channel in the membrane.

Protein structure, function, structure of the cell membrane, transport of substances, how proteins are made and the protein channel is what we will study next.