Atoms, molecules and ions

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3

Al2O3

2.6

Al3+

O2-

CaBr2

Ca2+

Br-

Na2CO3

Na+

CO32-

Slide 26

Some Polyatomic Ions (Table 2.3)

2.7

Slide 27

Chemical Nomenclature

Ionic Compounds

often a metal + nonmetal

anion (nonmetal), add “ide” to element name

BaCl2

barium chloride

K2O

potassium oxide

Mg(OH)2

magnesium hydroxide

KNO3

potassium nitrate

2.7

Slide 28

Transition metal ionic compounds

indicate charge on metal with Roman numerals

FeCl2

2 Cl- -2 so Fe is +2

iron(II) chloride

FeCl3

3 Cl- -3 so Fe is +3

iron(III) chloride

Cr2S3

3 S-2 -6 so Cr is +3 (6/2)

chromium(III) sulfide

2.7

Slide 29

Molecular compounds

nonmetals or nonmetals + metalloids

common names

H2O, NH3, CH4, C60

element further left in periodic table is 1st

element closest to bottom of group is 1st

if more than one compound can be formed from the same elements, use prefixes to indicate number of each kind of atom

last element ends in ide

2.7

Slide 30

HI

hydrogen iodide

NF3

nitrogen trifluoride

SO2

sulfur dioxide

N2Cl4

dinitrogen tetrachloride

NO2

nitrogen dioxide

N2O

dinitrogen monoxide

Molecular Compounds

2.7

Slide 31

An acid can be defined as a substance that yields

hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.

HCl

Pure substance, hydrogen chloride

Dissolved in water (H+ Cl-), hydrochloric acid

An oxoacid is an acid that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and another element.

2.7

Slide 32

2.7

Slide 33

A base can be defined as a substance that yields

hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.

2.7